BTEC Applied Psychology Practice Test

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• How are 'psychological disorders' classified?
• What type of research primarily focuses on statistical analysis and measurable data?
• What does the nature-nurture debate address?
• What is the term for a sample of participants produced by selecting people more available at the time of the study?
• Which key researcher is known for conducting a lines experiment that explains normative social influence and informational social influence?
• Which concept refers to the likelihood that behavior will occur based on reinforcement or punishment?
• Which term describes the extent to which research findings can be applied to the population?
• Which mathematical technique is used to explore the relationship between two variables?
• What term describes learning through association by pairing an unconditioned stimulus with a neutral stimulus?
• What is cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) designed to achieve?
• What term describes data collected by someone other than the user?
• Which term refers to being free from personal opinions or past experiences, and thus being unbiased?
• What is the term for twins that are not identical and share approximately 50% of their genes?
• In operant conditioning, what is the term for a stimulus that increases the probability that a behaviour will be repeated because it is pleasurable?
• What type of experiment is conducted in a natural environment where the researcher manipulates the independent variable and measures its effect on the dependent variable?
• Which ethical issue allows participants to leave the research study at any time?
• Which gene is associated with the regulation of serotonin and may indirectly influence aggressive behavior?
• Which psychological approach studies the impact of mental processes such as thoughts and perception on behavior?
• Which group of drugs, including SSRIs and Prozac, is used to increase serotonin levels in the brain?
• What is the primary goal of operant conditioning?
• Which ethical principle emphasizes fairness and equality in research?
• What is the 'fight or flight' response?
• What is the term used for the cognitive processes that mediate the response to stimuli in learning?
• Which defense mechanism involves forcing distressing thoughts out of consciousness?
• Which of the following is NOT a component of theory development?
• What is the role of psychometric testing in psychology?
• What is the general term to describe how people remember details of events, such as accidents and crimes?
• What word means copying the behaviour of others?
• What does the acronym MAOA stand for in the context of genetics and behavior?
• What concept describes the approach used to measure an individual's innate reflex response when exposed to a stimulus in classical conditioning?
• Which therapy approach is primarily used in the treatment of anxiety disorders through gradual exposure to feared stimuli?
• What is the term referring to a group of people participating in a research study?
• What was the significance of the Milgram experiment?
• What phenomenon is described by cognitive dissonance?
• What is the term in classical conditioning where one stimulus that does not produce a target response can become conditioned through association?
• What does cultural psychology examine?
• Which gene variant might be linked to aggressive behaviors in psychological studies?
• What role does the amygdala play in the brain?
• What term refers to the physical and psychological changes that occur during male puberty?
• What term is used for individuals who possess qualities we aspire to and with whom we identify?
• What word describes the characteristics of an individual determined by both genes and the environment?
• What is a form of learning in which behavior is shaped by consequences such as positive and negative reinforcement?
• Systematic Desensitisation is classified under which type of therapy?
• The Shaw and Ritchie study primarily explored which aspect of psychology?
• Which gene is responsible for the production of a protein that causes the development of the testes?
• Which process describes an individual taking on behaviors and values of a reference group?
• How is 'reliability' best described in psychological research?
• What is the goal of clinical psychology?
• Which type of twins are formed from two separate fertilized eggs?
• What role do neurotransmitters play in psychology?
• What term is used when a person's response to one stimulus influences their reaction to another stimulus?
• What is the primary female hormone that regulates the menstrual cycle?
• Which ethical guideline ensures participants are fully informed about the research before consenting to join?
• What are cognitive biases?
• What aspect of personality does social learning theory primarily focus on?
• What ethical issue arises when participants are not informed about the true aims of a study?
• How can dissociation be characterized?
• What does dissonance reduction refer to?
• What term refers to the process of dividing behaviors into individual components and recording them systematically?
• How is attachment characterized in developmental psychology?
• In cognitive psychology, what is defined as a mental framework that organizes information?
• What term describes conformity that occurs as individuals agree with the opinion of the majority to gain social approval?
• Which type of conformity involves acting in the same way as a group because one values being part of it?
• According to social identity theory, how do individuals perceive themselves?
• Which type of sampling method can result in a biased sample due to self-selection?
• How is 'observational learning' defined in psychology?
• Who is the key theorist known for demonstrating Social Learning Theory through the Bobo doll experiment?
• What concept in psychology is focused on the inherent biases that can arise from sample selection?
• Which researcher conducted studies on sex differences in jealousy, supporting evolutionary explanations?
• How does chronic stress impact physical health?
• Which term refers to a physical or psychological characteristic that enhances an individual's survival and reproduction, likely to be naturally selected?
• Which gene has been significantly studied for its role in aggression and serotonin metabolism?
• What term describes the discomfort felt when beliefs contradict each other?
• Which variable is measured by the researcher in an experiment?
• Attachment theory primarily examines the relationship between which two groups?
• What term refers to a cultural viewpoint that places greater value on collective well-being over individualism, typical in Eastern cultures?
• What term refers to the particular set of genes that a person possesses?
• What is the highest level in Maslow's hierarchy of needs?
• What is the significance of the concept of 'flow' in psychology?
• Which term describes the type of learning that occurs when an individual observes and imitates others?
• What is meant by 'neuroplasticity'?
• What does emotional regulation involve?
• What does the term "independent variable" refer to in an experimental study?
• What type of data is typically gathered through interviews and is rich in detail?
• Which psychological concept involves removing an unpleasant stimulus to increase desired behaviour?
• Which ethical guideline ensures the protection from physical and psychological damage?
• What are defense mechanisms used for in psychology?
• What is the first step in the process of theory development in psychology?
• What term refers to the act of outwardly conforming to the majority opinion while privately disagreeing?
• What does the concept of 'locus of control' refer to?
• Which psychological concept explains how behaviors and traits can be passed from parent to child?
• What method combines cognitive and behavioral techniques for treating mental disorders and addresses negative thinking?
• What is an alternative name for a publication of a research study in an academic setting?
• Which psychological approach emphasizes the significance of physical processes such as genetics and neural functions?
• What does Maslow's hierarchy of needs propose?
• Which factor is primarily linked to male aggression as theorized in psychological studies?
• What aspect does attachment theory suggest influences future relationships?
• Which type of correlation indicates that as one variable increases, the other variable decreases?
• What are the critical components of emotional processing in the amygdala?
• What is the term for the influence that leads individuals to conform in order to be accepted or liked by the group?
• What is the general term for the process by which individuals and groups influence each other's attitudes and behaviors?
• Which ethical issue requires that trust/mind/body will not be invaded and can be dealt with by providing anonymity?
• Which psychological principle describes the phenomenon where an individual perceives themselves influenced by their surroundings?
• Which sampling technique involves dividing the population into groups and selecting samples from each group?
• How is 'motivation' defined in the context of psychology?
• What is the term in operant conditioning where a response or behavior is strengthened by stopping, removing or avoiding a negative outcome or aversive stimulus?
• What term is central to Darwin's theory involving competition for mates?
• How does the SRY gene influence male sex differentiation?
• What type of conformity occurs when individuals accept the majority view as correct, leading to a permanent change in behavior?
• Which researcher provided support for the idea that damage to neuroanatomy can result in behavior change?
• What type of data is generally expressed in numbers?
• Which researcher is best known for their work on Operant Conditioning?
• Which of the following is NOT one of the main ethical principles in psychological research?
• What is the name of the explanation that suggests certain character traits are inherited from parents?
• What is a self-fulfilling prophecy in psychology?
• Which theory explains behavior through the concepts of role models and reinforcement, associated with researcher Bandura?
• Which method in psychology focuses on an in-depth analysis of a single individual?
• What term best describes the process of changing behavior based on observing others?
• What term describes a clear testable statement?
• What term is used to describe a mental disorder with symptoms of low mood and low energy?
• Which hormone and neurotransmitter is produced as part of the fight or flight response?
• What term describes the issue where certain groups may be overrepresented in research, affecting generalizations?
• What is a type of data that is typically expressed in words?
• Which of the following approaches primarily focuses on observable behaviors rather than internal mental states?
• What term refers to the consequences of behaviour that increase the likelihood that the behaviour will be repeated?
• What type of reinforcement occurs through observing someone else being rewarded for a behavior?
• What is the first stage of Piaget's cognitive development theory?
• What does 'abnormal psychology' study?
• What does the concept of emotional regulation assist individuals in doing?
• What is the purpose of a control group in an experiment?
• What term describes when one co-variable increases so does the other?
• What is the term for inherited traits that influence behavior?
• Which method involves an experiment carried out in a controlled setting with an independent variable and dependent variable?
• What is the short form for the British Psychological Society?
• What are biochemical substances that circulate in the bloodstream and only affect target organs?
• What is the term for the way an animal responds when stressed, becoming physiologically aroused in readiness to fight or flee?
• What word means aspects of behavior that are innate and biological, ones you are born with?
• Which type of graph shows the strength and direction of a relationship between two variables?
• In classical conditioning, what term refers to the innate reflex response to a stimulus?
• What does sensitivity analysis in research examine?
• What is the objective method of testing hypotheses to develop empirical theories called?
• What does social learning theory emphasize as a way to acquire behavior?
• What is a key aspect of confidentiality that ensures a participant's identity remains unknown?
• What does the Bystander Effect demonstrate?
• Psychotherapy mainly requires interaction with whom?
• What does the development of attachment significantly impact in infants?
• What is a small scale version of an investigation that takes place before the main study?
• What are the major types of personality theories?
• What is the primary aim of systematic desensitization?
• What is confirmation bias?
• Which researcher investigated the relationship between testosterone levels and maternal ambition?
• What is the psychological term for personality characteristics?
• Which term describes the process through which inherited traits that enhance reproductive success are preserved in evolution?
• What is the focus of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)?
• What does the placebo effect demonstrate about treatment outcomes?
• What term refers to some aspect of the experimental situation that is manipulated by the researcher?
• What important lesson can be drawn from the Stanford prison experiment?
• What does informed consent ensure in psychological research?
• What term describes data that can be analyzed quantitatively?
• In the behavioral perspective, behaviors are primarily shaped by which factors?
• In psychology, how is empathy defined?
• Which hormone, associated with dominant behavior and aggression, is produced in the testes in males?
• Which ethical principle protects participants from potentially harmful effects in psychological research?
• What characteristic is most commonly attributed to individuals with mutations in the MAOA gene?
• What term describes a mental framework of beliefs and expectations that influence cognitive processing?
• What term is used to describe a general statement of what the researcher intends to study or investigate?
• What does the behavioral perspective in psychology emphasize?
• Dissociation can help individuals cope with which of the following?
• Which sampling technique relies on inviting people to participate through advertising?
• Which theory provides insight into varied cognitive abilities beyond traditional measures?
• Which research design involves repeated observations of the same variables over long periods?
• Which term refers to methods asking individuals to report on their own feelings?
• What is the scientific term for identical twins that share 100% of their genetic material?
• Which term refers to data that was previously unknown and obtained directly by the researcher for a specific research project?
• What does emotional intelligence enable an individual to do?
• What is the primary focus of qualitative research methods in psychology?
• What is 'social facilitation' in psychology?
• What is the primary goal of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy in treating mental health conditions?
• What does the term 'operationalization' refer to in psychological research?
• Which feature is key to Piaget's formal operational stage of cognitive development?
• Which hormone is crucial for the development of male reproductive systems during embryonic growth?
• Which researchers are known for their research that supports classical conditioning?
• Which function is associated with the prefrontal cortex?
• Which term is used to describe the influence of group pressure on individual behavior?
• What does the term "modeling" refer to in the context of behavior learning?
• What is the primary aim of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in psychological research?
• What is the main purpose of psychotherapy?
• Why are theories of intelligence important in psychology?
• What does 'role theory' propose in social psychology?
• Which of the following terms relates directly to stable, enduring qualities in personality?
• What is the term relating to the chemicals in the brain that regulate psychological functioning?
• In the context of operant conditioning, what is reinforcement primarily used for?
• Which of the following are characteristics of a good psychological test?
• What is the general term for the process by which species adapt to their environment over time?
• What genetic mutation is believed to be responsible for increased aggression in males?
• What role does the hippocampus play in memory?
• What word means aspects of behavior that are acquired through experience and learning?
• What type of experiment takes place in a natural setting, within which the researcher manipulates the IV?
• What does the 'hedonic treadmill' refer to?
• What is the key characteristic of a deep level of conformity?
• Which hormone is primarily associated with the development of male physical characteristics?
• What is 'groupthink'?
• What is the purpose of a debrief in research?